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The archaeological fieldwork was performed by Sant Marti town council and by the Departament de Cultura of the Generalitat de Catalunya project no CLT009/18/00054. Funding for this research was also provided by the Catalan Government research groups no 2017 SGR 859 and 2017 SGR 836 and by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities project PID2019-103987GB-C31. The research of B.G.S., G.C., MG.CH., A.S., I.R.P and J.V. is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. M.S.R is funded by a PTA contract (PTA2018-016561-I). A.A.B. is the beneficiary of a predoctoral research fellowship from the Gobierno de Navarra. M.S. research is funded by the UAM2019 Tomas y Valiente Program. The Institut Catala de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolucio Social (IPHES-CERCA) has received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the `Maria de Maeztu' program for Units of Excellence (CEX2019000945-M). We want to thank Maria D. Guillen, funded by a PEJ contract (PEJ2018-005216A), for the arrangement of some of the figures. Thanks also to Rupert Glasgow for the English revision of the manuscript.

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The Guinardera quarry (Sant Marti de Tous, Barcelona): A new chert exploitation location during historical times

Publicado en:Journal Of Lithic Studies. 8 (2): 24- - 2021-01-01 8(2), DOI: 10.2218/jls.6546

Autores: Gomez de Soler, Bruno; Soares-Remiseiro, Miguel; Arteaga-Brieba, Andion; Borras, Gisela; Camara, Javier; Campeny, Gerard; Chacon, M Gema; Luis Fernandez-Marchena, Juan; Lopez, Gerard; Mas, Barbara; Soto, Maria; Suesta, Alfredo; Shkarinska, Kateryna; Ramirez-Pedraza, Ivan; Val-Peon, Cristina; Vallverdu, Josep

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Resumen

In 2014, an anthropic accumulation of chert material was discovered in La Guinardera area, at the southwest of the Sant Marti de Tous town (Barcelona, NE Iberian Peninsula). In 2018 a first archaeological intervention was carried out in two locations: La Guinardera and La Guinardera Nord. After the fieldworks, these two accumulations were interpreted as chert workshops. These workshops are in the St. Genis Formation, included within La Noguera lacustrine system and dated to the Priabonian age (upper Eocene). The St. Marti de Tous area presents shallow lacustrine conditions typical of sabkha environments, in which layers of gypsums and sandy lutites are interspersed with tabular red sandstone levels, yielding different varieties of chert.The Guinardera chert is characterized by a fairly homogeneous matrix, presenting a fine texture, with a microcrystalline and spherulitic length-slow chalcedony matrix, and a combination of grey colours, in general of dark hues, with an opaque diaphaneity but translucent at the edges.The archaeological assemblage from La Guinardera Nord site allows us to identify a chert workshop for the production of gunflints. The heterogeneity of the assemblage at La Guinardera site precludes assigning it to any single chrono-cultural period or function.The technological characterization of La Guinardera Nord site reveals distinctive attributes of a gunflint workshop that can be differentiated from prehistoric workshops. The presence of square and thick preforms, oxide traces on butts and ventral faces, marked bulbs and thick platforms, together with fresh edges on flakes and blades and the near-absence of patinated materials, corroborate it.The presence of these two deposits within the above-mentioned formation shows us a repeated landscape exploitation pattern for raw material extraction, since references chert use range from the Middle Palaeolithic (e.g., Abric Romani) to historical times (e.g., La Guinardera Nord).

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