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Analysis of institutional authors

Guerrero-Ruíz FAuthorDolores González MAuthorSalagre Carnero, María PilarAuthorCesteros Fernández, YolandaCorresponding Author

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March 25, 2022
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Hybrid Gold

Use of biobased crude glycerol, obtained biocatalytically, to obtain biofuel additives by catalytic acetalization of furfural using SAPO catalysts

Publicated to:Fuel. 319 123803- - 2022-07-01 319(), DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123803

Authors: Guerrero-Ruiz, Federico; Yara-Varon, Edinson; Salagre, Pilar; Canela-Garayoa, Ramon; Cesteros, Yolanda

Affiliations

Univ Lleida, Ctr Biotechnol & Agrofood Dev Ctr DBA, Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, Lleida 25198, Spain - Author
Univ Rovira i Virgili, Dept Quim Fis & Inorgan, C-Marcel li Domingo 1, Tarragona 43007, Spain - Author
Universitat de Lleida - Author
Universitat Rovira i Virgili - Author

Abstract

High-pure crude glycerol, obtained from the transesterification of coconut oil with ethanol using lipase enzyme-type as biocatalyst, has been used for the acetalization of furfural with several SAPO 5 and SAPO 34 catalysts. SAPOs were prepared using microwaves and conventional heating for comparison, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry of adsorbed cyclohexylamine and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The use of microwaves allowed us the incorporation of slightly higher amounts of silicon into the aluminophosphate structure, and the preparation of the materials in much shorter preparation times, with the subsequent energy saving. Additionally, the SAPOs prepared with microwaves showed lower crystallinity but higher surface area than those prepared by conventional heating. Comparable catalytic results were obtained when these catalysts were tested for the acetalization of furfural with commercial or with the crude glycerol obtained by biocatalytic transesterification of coconut oil, leading to very high selectivity values to the desired mixture dioxane + dioxolane (93–100 %), which can be used as biofuel additives, for conversion values between 60 and 73 %, as determined by gas chromatography. This confirmed the high purity of the glycerol obtained by the biocatalytical process, as previously observed by 1H NMR. SAPO 34 catalysts showed higher conversion than SAPO 5 catalysts due to their higher amount of more accessible Brønsted acid sites, related to their structure. Interestingly, catalysts prepared with microwaves resulted in slightly higher conversion values than those prepared by conventional heating. This can be explained by the incorporation of higher amounts of silicon in the framework, probably due to the higher homogeneity of the microwaves heating, which results in a higher amount of protons, as confirmed by TGA of adsorbed cyclohexylamine, responsible for the catalysis.

Keywords

Biofuel additivesCatalytic acetalizationCrude glycerolFurfuralImmobilised lipaseMicrowavesSapo

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Fuel due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2022, it was in position 19/142, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Chemical.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 2.85, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-05, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 9
  • Scopus: 9

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-05:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 23.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 25 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9247335

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Guerrero Ruiz, Federico) and Last Author (Cesteros Fernández, Yolanda).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Cesteros Fernández, Yolanda.